Spermidine regulates Vibrio cholerae biofilm formation via transport and signaling pathways.

Spermidine regulates Vibrio cholerae bio¢lm formation via transport and signaling pathways

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the devastating diarrheal disease cholera, canform biofilms on diverse biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilm formation is important for the survival of this organism both in its natural environment and in the human host. Development of V. cholerae biofilms are regulated by complex regulatory networks that respond to environmental signals. One of these sign...

NspS, a predicted polyamine sensor, mediates activation of Vibrio cholerae biofilm formation by norspermidine.

Vibrio cholerae is both an environmental bacterium and a human intestinal pathogen. The attachment of bacteria to surfaces in biofilms is thought to be an important feature of the survival of this bacterium both in the environment and within the human host. Biofilm formation occurs when cell-surface and cell-cell contacts are formed to make a three-dimensional structure characterized by pillars...

The PTS regulates Vibrio cholerae biofilm formation through multiple independent pathways

Norspermidine Is Not a Self-Produced Trigger for Biofilm Disassembly

Formation of Bacillus subtilis biofilms, consisting of cells encapsulated within an extracellular matrix of exopolysaccharide and protein, requires the polyamine spermidine. A recent study reported that (1) related polyamine norspermidine is synthesized by B. subtilis using the equivalent of the Vibrio cholerae biosynthetic pathway, (2) exogenous norspermidine at 25 μM prevents B. subtilis biof...

Interplay between cyclic AMP-cyclic AMP receptor protein and cyclic di-GMP signaling in Vibrio cholerae biofilm formation.

Vibrio cholerae is a facultative human pathogen. The ability of V. cholerae to form biofilms is crucial for its survival in aquatic habitats between epidemics and is advantageous for host-to-host transmission during epidemics. Formation of mature biofilms requires the production of extracellular matrix components, including Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) and matrix proteins. Biofilm formation is p...